Judicial review of FDI enforcement is rare in the Netherlands. In one of the first matters brought before a Dutch court, the broad retro-active ‘call-in’ powers of the Dutch Minister of Economic Affairs and Climate (‘Minister’), as provided for in the Act on Security Screening of Investments, Mergers and Acquisitions (‘Vifo Act’ or ‘Act’), were scrutinised and the Minister’s enforcement actions were effectively curtailed. The ruling from the District Court of Rotterdam (‘Court’) on 25…